up: Chapter 17 -- 80386 Instruction Set
prev: SGDT/SIDT Store Global/Interrupt Descriptor Table Register
next: SHRD Double Precision Shift Right

SHLD -- Double Precision Shift Left

Opcode   Instruction          Clocks   Description

0F  A4   SHLD r/m16,r16,imm8  3/7      r/m16 gets SHL of r/m16 concatenated
                                       with r16
0F  A4   SHLD r/m32,r32,imm8  3/7      r/m32 gets SHL of r/m32 concatenated
                                       with r32
0F  A5   SHLD r/m16,r16,CL    3/7      r/m16 gets SHL of r/m16 concatenated
                                       with r16
0F  A5   SHLD r/m32,r32,CL    3/7      r/m32 gets SHL of r/m32 concatenated
                                       with r32

Operation

(* count is an unsigned integer corresponding to the last operand of the
instruction, either an immediate byte or the byte in register CL *)
ShiftAmt := count MOD 32;
inBits := register; (* Allow overlapped operands *)
IF ShiftAmt = 0
THEN no operation
ELSE
   IF ShiftAmt >= OperandSize
   THEN (* Bad parameters *)
      r/m := UNDEFINED;
      CF, OF, SF, ZF, AF, PF := UNDEFINED;
   ELSE (* Perform the shift *)
      CF := BIT[Base, OperandSize - ShiftAmt];
         (* Last bit shifted out on exit *)
   FOR i := OperandSize - 1 DOWNTO ShiftAmt
   DO
      BIT[Base, i] := BIT[Base, i - ShiftAmt];
   OF;
   FOR i := ShiftAmt - 1 DOWNTO 0
   DO
      BIT[Base, i] := BIT[inBits, i - ShiftAmt + OperandSize];
   OD;
   Set SF, ZF, PF (r/m);
      (* SF, ZF, PF are set according to the value of the result *)
   AF := UNDEFINED;
   FI;
FI;

Description

SHLD shifts the first operand provided by the r/m field to the left as many bits as specified by the count operand. The second operand (r16 or r32) provides the bits to shift in from the right (starting with bit 0). The result is stored back into the r/m operand. The register remains unaltered.

The count operand is provided by either an immediate byte or the contents of the CL register. These operands are taken MODULO 32 to provide a number between 0 and 31 by which to shift. Because the bits to shift are provided by the specified registers, the operation is useful for multiprecision shifts (64 bits or more). The SF, ZF and PF flags are set according to the value of the result. CS is set to the value of the last bit shifted out. OF and AF are left undefined.

Flags Affected

OF, SF, ZF, PF, and CF as described above; AF and OF are undefined

Protected Mode Exceptions

#GP(0) if the result is in a nonwritable segment; #GP(0) for an illegal memory operand effective address in the CS, DS, ES, FS, or GS segments; #SS(0) for an illegal address in the SS segment; #PF(fault-code) for a page fault

Real Address Mode Exceptions

Interrupt 13 if any part of the operand would lie outside of the effective address space from 0 to 0FFFFH

Virtual 8086 Mode Exceptions

Same exceptions as in Real Address Mode; #PF(fault-code) for a page fault

up: Chapter 17 -- 80386 Instruction Set
prev: SGDT/SIDT Store Global/Interrupt Descriptor Table Register
next: SHRD Double Precision Shift Right